Oflox OZ : Uses, Side effects ,Benefits

Oflox OZ tablet is a widely prescribed antibiotic medication used to treat a variety of bacterial infections.

Containing the active ingredients Ofloxacin and Ornidazole, this tablet is effective against a range of microorganisms, providing relief from infections of the urinary tract, respiratory system, skin, and soft tissues.

In this article, we will learn the uses, dosage, side effects, and precautions associated with Oflox OZ Tablet, providing you with a comprehensive understanding of this antibiotic medication."

Manufacturer of Ofloz OZ

Cipla Ltd.

Composition of Oflox OZ Tablet

Active Ingredients:

Ofloxacin: 200 mg (an antibiotic belonging to the fluoroquinolone class)

Ornidazole: 500 mg (an antibiotic and antiprotozoal agent)

Inactive Ingredients:

Microcrystalline cellulose

Sodium starch glycolate

Magnesium stearate

Colloidal silicon dioxide

Note: The inactive ingredients may vary depending on the manufacturer and formulation.

Alternatives available (substitutes)

Orniflox ajantha pharmaceuticals

Wisoflox-oz wisdom pharma pvt. ltd.

Change tab torrent pharmaceuticals ltd

Zorno FDC Ltd.

Oflotas OZ Intas

Mode of Action of Oflox OZ

Oflox OZ which contains Ofloxacin and Ornidazole are two antimicrobial agents that are often combined to treat a variety of bacterial and protozoal infections.

Ofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic that inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, while Ornidazole is an antiprotozoal and antibacterial agent that interferes with the synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins in microorganisms.

Ofloxacin: Mode of Action

Ofloxacin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that acts by inhibiting two essential bacterial enzymes: DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. These enzymes are critical for bacterial DNA replication, transcription, and repair.

Inhibition of DNA Gyrase

DNA gyrase is an enzyme that introduces negative supercoils into bacterial DNA, allowing it to be packed into the compact space of the bacterial cell. Ofloxacin binds to the GyrA subunit of DNA gyrase, preventing the enzyme from introducing negative supercoils into DNA. This leads to the accumulation of positive supercoils, which ultimately causes the bacterial DNA to become unstable and prone to breakage.

Inhibition of Topoisomerase IV

Topoisomerase IV is another enzyme that plays a critical role in bacterial DNA replication and segregation. Ofloxacin also binds to the ParC subunit of topoisomerase IV, preventing the enzyme from separating bacterial chromosomes during cell division. This leads to the accumulation of intertwined chromosomes, which ultimately causes the bacterial cell to die.

Ornidazole: Mode of Action

Ornidazole is an antiprotozoal and antibacterial agent that acts by interfering with the synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins in microorganisms.

Interference with Nucleic Acid Synthesis

Ornidazole is reduced to its active form, which then binds to the bacterial DNA, causing strand breakage and inhibition of DNA synthesis. This leads to the inhibition of bacterial growth and proliferation.

Interference with Protein Synthesis

Ornidazole also interferes with protein synthesis in bacteria by binding to the 30S subunit of the bacterial ribosome. This prevents the assembly of amino acids into proteins, ultimately leading to the inhibition of bacterial growth and proliferation.

Combined Mode of Action of Ofloxacin and Ornidazole

The combination of Ofloxacin and Ornidazole results in a synergistic effect, where the two agents work together to inhibit bacterial growth and proliferation more effectively than either agent alone.

The combination of Ofloxacin and Ornidazole results in a synergistic inhibition of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. Ofloxacin inhibits DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, while Ornidazole interferes with the synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins.

This dual mechanism of action results in a more effective inhibition of bacterial growth and proliferation.

The combination of Ofloxacin and Ornidazole also results in enhanced bactericidal activity.

Ofloxacin is bacteriostatic at lower concentrations, but the addition of Ornidazole enhances its bactericidal activity, resulting in a more effective killing of bacteria.

The combination of Ofloxacin and Ornidazole also reduces the risk of resistance. Bacteria are less likely to develop resistance to the combination of two agents than to either agent alone.

In conclusion, the combination of Ofloxacin and Ornidazole results in a synergistic mode of action, where the two agents work together to inhibit bacterial growth and proliferation more effectively than either agent alone.

The combination of these two agents results in enhanced bactericidal activity, reduced risk of resistance, and a broader spectrum of activity.

This makes the combination of Ofloxacin and Ornidazole an effective treatment option for a variety of bacterial and protozoal infections.

Spectrum of Activity of Oflox OZ

Oflox OZ, a combination of Ofloxacin and Ornidazole, has a broad spectrum of activity against various bacteria, protozoa, and anaerobic microorganisms.

Bacterial Spectrum:

Gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes

Gram-negative bacteria: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Shigella dysenteriae

Protozoal Spectrum:

Trichomonas vaginalis: effective against trichomoniasis

Giardia lamblia: effective against giardiasis

Entamoeba histolytica: effective against amoebiasis

Anaerobic Spectrum:

Bacteroides fragilis: effective against anaerobic bacterial infections

Clostridium difficile: effective against Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea

Other Microorganisms:

Chlamydia trachomatis: effective against chlamydial infections

Mycoplasma genitalium: effective against mycoplasmal infections

Oflox OZ is effective against a wide range of microorganisms, making it a valuable treatment option for various infections.

Indications for Oflox OZ

Oflox OZ, a combination of Ofloxacin and Ornidazole, is indicated for the treatment of various bacterial, protozoal, and anaerobic infections. The following are some of the indications for Oflox OZ:

Urinary Tract Infections

Uncomplicated urinary tract infections: Oflox OZ is effective against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus saprophyticus, which are common causes of uncomplicated UTIs.

Complicated urinary tract infections: Oflox OZ is effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, and other bacteria that cause complicated UTIs.

Respiratory Tract Infections

Acute bronchitis: Oflox OZ is effective against Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis, which are common causes of acute bronchitis.

Community-acquired pneumonia: Oflox OZ is effective against Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis, which are common causes of community-acquired pneumonia.

Skin and Soft Tissue Infections

Uncomplicated skin and soft tissue infections: Oflox OZ is effective against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Escherichia coli, which are common causes of uncomplicated skin and soft tissue infections.

Complicated skin and soft tissue infections: Oflox OZ is effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, and other bacteria that cause complicated skin and soft tissue infections.

Gastrointestinal Infections

Bacterial diarrhea: Oflox OZ is effective against Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, and Salmonella typhi, which are common causes of bacterial diarrhea.

Giardiasis: Oflox OZ is effective against Giardia lamblia, which is a common cause of giardiasis.

Genital Infections

Uncomplicated genital infections: Oflox OZ is effective against Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Mycoplasma genitalium, which are common causes of uncomplicated genital infections.

Complicated genital infections: Oflox OZ is effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, and other bacteria that cause complicated genital infections.

Anaerobic Infections

Anaerobic bacterial infections: Oflox OZ is effective against Bacteroides fragilis, Clostridium difficile, and other anaerobic bacteria that cause infections.

Oflox OZ is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that is effective against a wide range of bacteria, protozoa, and anaerobic microorganisms.

It is an important treatment option for various infections, and its use should be guided by susceptibility testing and clinical judgment.

Dosage of Oflox OZ

Oflox OZ, a combination of Ofloxacin and Ornidazole, is administered orally, and the dosage varies depending on the type and severity of the infection.

Adults

Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs): 1 tablet twice daily for 3-5 days

Respiratory Tract Infections: 1 tablet twice daily for 5-7 days

Skin and Soft Tissue Infections: 1 tablet twice daily for 5-7 days

Gastrointestinal Infections: 1 tablet twice daily for 5-7 days

Genital Infections: 1 tablet twice daily for 7-10 days

Children

Children above 12 years: same as adult dose

Children below 12 years: not recommended

Geriatric Patients

Older adults: same as adult dose, but with caution and monitoring of renal function

Renal Impairment

Mild to moderate renal impairment: same as adult dose

Severe renal impairment: contraindicated

Hepatic Impairment

Mild to moderate hepatic impairment: same as adult dose

Severe hepatic impairment: contraindicated

Important Administration Instructions

Oflox OZ should be taken with a full glass of water.

The tablet should be swallowed whole and not crushed or chewed.

Oflox OZ should be taken at the same time every day.

The patient should complete the full course of treatment, even if symptoms improve before finishing the medication.

Missed Dose

If a dose is missed, take it as soon as possible.

However, if it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with the regular dosing schedule.

Overdose

In case of overdose, seek medical attention immediately.

Symptoms of overdose may include seizures, confusion, and tremors.

Side Effects of Oflox OZ

Oflox OZ, a combination of Ofloxacin and Ornidazole, is generally well-tolerated, but like all medications, it can cause side effects. The following are some common and rare side effects of Oflox OZ:

Common Side Effects (≥1% to <10%)

Gastrointestinal: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, dyspepsia

Central Nervous System: headache, dizziness, insomnia, fatigue

Skin: rash, pruritus, urticaria

Genitourinary: vaginal discharge, vaginal itching

Rare Side Effects (≥0.1% to <1%)

Gastrointestinal: pseudomembranous colitis, hepatitis, jaundice

Central Nervous System: seizures, psychotic reactions, hallucinations

Skin: Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis

Genitourinary: interstitial nephritis

Very Rare Side Effects (<0.1%)

Gastrointestinal: bloody diarrhea, inflammatory bowel disease

Central Nervous System: anaphylaxis, anaphylactoid reactions

Skin: erythema multiforme

Genitourinary: renal failure

Post-Marketing Surveillance

Tendinitis and tendon rupture: rare reports of tendinitis and tendon rupture have been received.

Peripheral neuropathy: rare reports of peripheral neuropathy have been received.

Contraindications of Oflox OZ

Oflox OZ, a combination of Ofloxacin and Ornidazole, is a potent antibiotic and antiprotozoal agent used to treat various bacterial and protozoal infections.

However, like all medications, it is not suitable for everyone, and certain conditions or situations may contraindicate its use.

1. Hypersensitivity

Oflox OZ is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to Ofloxacin, Ornidazole, or any other quinolone antibiotic. Hypersensitivity reactions can range from mild to severe and may manifest as:

Skin reactions, such as rash, pruritus, or urticaria

Respiratory reactions, such as bronchospasm or asthma

Cardiovascular reactions, such as hypotension or tachycardia

Gastrointestinal reactions, such as nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea

If a patient has a history of hypersensitivity to any of these medications, Oflox OZ should not be administered, and an alternative treatment option should be explored.

2. Pregnancy and Lactation

Oflox OZ is contraindicated during pregnancy and lactation. Ofloxacin and Ornidazole may cause harm to the fetus or baby, and their use during these critical periods should be avoided.

Pregnancy: Ofloxacin and Ornidazole may cross the placental barrier and potentially harm the developing fetus. The use of Oflox OZ during pregnancy should be strictly avoided, unless there are no alternative treatment options available.

Lactation: Ofloxacin and Ornidazole may be excreted in breast milk and potentially harm the nursing infant. Women should not breastfeed during treatment with Oflox OZ.

3. Children

Oflox OZ is contraindicated in children below 12 years of age. The safety and efficacy of Oflox OZ in this age group have not been established, and its use may lead to adverse effects.

Musculoskeletal effects: Ofloxacin and Ornidazole may cause musculoskeletal adverse effects, such as arthritis, tendonitis, or tendon rupture, in children.

Central nervous system effects: Ofloxacin and Ornidazole may cause central nervous system adverse effects, such as seizures, convulsions, or psychosis, in children.

4. Epilepsy

Oflox OZ is contraindicated in patients with a history of epilepsy or seizure disorders. Ofloxacin and Ornidazole may lower the seizure threshold and increase the risk of seizures.

Seizure risk: Patients with a history of epilepsy or seizure disorders should not receive Oflox OZ, as it may exacerbate their condition.

Neurotoxicity: Ofloxacin and Ornidazole may cause neurotoxicity, leading to seizures, convulsions, or psychosis.

5. Myasthenia Gravis

Oflox OZ is contraindicated in patients with myasthenia gravis. Ofloxacin and Ornidazole may exacerbate the condition and increase the risk of myasthenic crisis.

Muscle weakness: Patients with myasthenia gravis should not receive Oflox OZ, as it may worsen muscle weakness and respiratory function.

Respiratory failure: Ofloxacin and Ornidazole may cause respiratory failure in patients with myasthenia gravis.

6. Tendinitis and Tendon Rupture

Oflox OZ is contraindicated in patients with a history of tendinitis or tendon rupture. Ofloxacin and Ornidazole may increase the risk of tendon damage.

Tendon risk: Patients with a history of tendinitis or tendon rupture should not receive Oflox OZ, as it may exacerbate their condition.

Musculoskeletal effects: Ofloxacin and Ornidazole may cause musculoskeletal adverse effects, such as arthritis, tendonitis, or tendon rupture.

7. G6PD Deficiency

Oflox OZ is contraindicated in patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. Ornidazole may cause hemolysis in these patients.

Hemolysis risk: Patients with G6PD deficiency should not receive Oflox OZ, as it may cause hemolysis.

Anemia: Ofloxacin and Ornidazole may cause anemia in patients with G6PD deficiency.

8. Precautions

While Oflox OZ is contraindicated in certain conditions, there are also precautions to be taken in other situations:

Renal impairment: Caution should be exercised when administering Oflox OZ to patients with renal impairment, as the dosage may need to be adjusted.

Hepatic impairment: Caution should be exercised when administering Oflox OZ to patients with hepatic impairment, as the dosage may need to be adjusted.

Central nervous system disorders: Caution should be exercised when administering Oflox OZ to patients with central nervous system disorders, such as epilepsy, seizures, or psychosis.

Photosensitivity: Patients should avoid exposure to sunlight or UV radiation during treatment with Oflox OZ, as it may cause photosensitivity reactions.

9. Drug Interactions

Oflox OZ may interact with other medications, including:

Antacids: Antacids containing magnesium or aluminum may reduce the absorption of Ofloxacin.

Warfarin: Ofloxacin may increase the anticoagulant effect of warfarin.

Theophylline: Ofloxacin may increase the levels of theophylline in the blood.

Cyclosporine: Ofloxacin may increase the levels of cyclosporine in the blood.

10. Monitoring

Patients receiving Oflox OZ should be monitored for:

Liver function: Liver function tests should be performed regularly to monitor for any signs of liver damage.

Kidney function: Kidney function tests should be performed regularly to monitor for any signs of kidney damage.

Central nervous system function: Patients should be monitored for any signs of central nervous system toxicity, such as seizures, convulsions, or psychosis.

By understanding the contraindications, precautions, and potential drug interactions of Oflox OZ, healthcare professionals can ensure safe and effective treatment for their patients.

Clinical USP of Oflox OZ

Oflox OZ, a combination of Ofloxacin and Ornidazole, has several clinical USPs (Unique Selling Points) that make it an effective and reliable treatment option for various bacterial and protozoal infections.

Broad-Spectrum Antibacterial Activity

Oflox OZ exhibits broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including:

Escherichia coli

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Staphylococcus aureus

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Rapid and Effective Treatment of Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)

Oflox OZ is highly effective in treating UTIs caused by Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and other bacteria.

Effective Treatment of Respiratory Tract Infections (RTIs)

Oflox OZ is effective in treating RTIs such as acute bronchitis, community-acquired pneumonia, and other respiratory infections.

Treatment of Skin and Soft Tissue Infections

Oflox OZ is effective in treating skin and soft tissue infections such as cellulitis, abscesses, and other infections.

Effective Treatment of Gastrointestinal Infections

Oflox OZ is effective in treating gastrointestinal infections such as bacterial diarrhea, giardiasis, and other infections.

Treatment of Genital Infections

Oflox OZ is effective in treating genital infections such as gonorrhea, chlamydia, and other infections.

Convenient Once-Daily or Twice-Daily Dosing

Oflox OZ can be administered once daily or twice daily, depending on the severity of the infection and the patient's response to treatment.

Well-Tolerated with a Low Incidence of Adverse Effects

Oflox OZ is generally well-tolerated, with a low incidence of adverse effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain.

Cost-Effective Treatment Option

Oflox OZ is a cost-effective treatment option compared to other antibiotic combinations, making it an attractive option for patients and healthcare providers.

In conclusion, Oflox OZ has several clinical USPs that make it an effective and reliable treatment option for various bacterial and protozoal infections.

Its broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, rapid and effective treatment of UTIs, and convenient dosing regimen make it a valuable treatment option for healthcare providers.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) about Oflox OZ

1: What is Oflox OZ used for?

Oflox OZ is a combination antibiotic medication used to treat various bacterial and protozoal infections, such as:

Urinary tract infections (UTIs)

Respiratory tract infections (RTIs)

Skin and soft tissue infections

Gastrointestinal infections

Genital infections

It works by killing the bacteria or protozoa causing the infection, thereby helping to alleviate symptoms and promote recovery.

2: How long does it take for Oflox OZ to start working?

Oflox OZ typically starts working within 2-3 hours after administration. However, it may take several days to a week or more to fully recover from the infection.

It's essential to complete the full course of treatment as prescribed by your doctor, even if symptoms improve before finishing the medication.

3: Can I take Oflox OZ with other medications?

It's crucial to inform your doctor about all medications you're currently taking, including:

Antacids

Warfarin

Theophylline

Cyclosporine

Oflox OZ may interact with these medications, and your doctor may need to adjust the dosage or recommend alternative treatments.

4: What are the common side effects of Oflox OZ?

Common side effects of Oflox OZ include:

Nausea

Vomiting

Diarrhea

Abdominal pain

Headache

Dizziness

If you experience any severe or persistent side effects, consult your doctor promptly.

5: Can I take Oflox OZ during pregnancy or breastfeeding?

Oflox OZ is contraindicated during pregnancy and breastfeeding, as it may harm the fetus or baby.

If you're pregnant or breastfeeding, inform your doctor, and they will recommend alternative treatments.

6: How should I store Oflox OZ?

Store Oflox OZ tablets in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight and moisture.

Keep the medication out of reach of children and pets.

7: What happens if I miss a dose of Oflox OZ?

If you miss a dose of Oflox OZ, take it as soon as you remember.

However, if it's almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule.

Consult your doctor or pharmacist for further guidance.

8: Can I drink alcohol while taking Oflox OZ?

It's recommended to avoid consuming alcohol while taking Oflox OZ, as it may increase the risk of side effects such as:

Dizziness

Drowsiness

Confusion

Consult your doctor or pharmacist for advice on alcohol consumption during treatment.

9: How long does Oflox OZ stay in your system?

Oflox OZ is typically eliminated from the body within 24 hours after the last dose.

However, the exact duration may vary depending on factors such as:

Kidney function

Liver function

Age

Weight

11: Can I take Oflox OZ with milk or dairy products?

It's recommended to avoid taking Oflox OZ with milk or dairy products, as they may interfere with the absorption of the medication.

12: How does Oflox OZ work?

Oflox OZ works by inhibiting the growth of bacteria and protozoa, thereby helping to alleviate symptoms and promote recovery.

13: Can I take Oflox OZ for a long period?

Oflox OZ should only be taken for the duration prescribed by your doctor.

Long-term use of antibiotics can lead to antibiotic resistance and other complications.

14: Can I crush or chew Oflox OZ tablets?

Oflox OZ tablets should be swallowed whole and not crushed or chewed.

Crushing or chewing the tablets may affect the absorption of the medication.

15: Can I take Oflox OZ with other antibiotics?

It's essential to consult your doctor before taking Oflox OZ with other antibiotics.

Combining antibiotics can increase the risk of side effects and antibiotic resistance.

16: Can I take Oflox OZ for prophylaxis?

Oflox OZ is not recommended for prophylaxis (prevention) of infections.

It should only be used to treat confirmed bacterial or protozoal infections.

17: How does Oflox OZ affect the gut flora?

Oflox OZ may affect the gut flora, leading to changes in the balance of beneficial bacteria.

Probiotics may be recommended to help maintain a healthy gut flora during treatment.

18: Can I take Oflox OZ if I have a history of allergic reactions?

If you have a history of allergic reactions, consult your doctor before taking Oflox OZ.

They will assess the risks and benefits of treatment and recommend alternative options if necessary.

19: Can I take Oflox OZ if I have kidney or liver disease?

If you have kidney or liver disease, consult your doctor before taking Oflox OZ.

They will assess the risks and benefits of treatment and recommend dosage adjustments or alternative options if necessary.

20: How does Oflox OZ interact with other medications?

Oflox OZ may interact with other medications, including antacids, warfarin, theophylline, and cyclosporine.